Instruction of Immigration

　　

一、移民国家发展移民的基本政策

The basic policy of developing immigration in Immigration Countries

（一）移民国家发展移民的主要原因：

The main reason for the development of immigration in Immigration Countries

1、通过移民引进不同种族人士尤其是优秀人才，弥补人口老化、技术劳工短缺，丰富本国的文化以及促进社会发展；

Introduce talents in different races through immigration, especially for outstanding talents. By doing this will recovers aging population, improves shortage of skilled labor, enrich our culture as well as to enhance the social development

2、通过移民引进经商、企业管理人才和资金，刺激经济、建立企业、解决失业率，促进经济繁荣发展；

Through immigration, introduce talents in business and business management area, this will stimulate the economy, reduce the unemployment rate and help launch new enterprise, as well as promotes economic development.

3、从人道主义立场考虑，增加公民和永久居民的亲属团聚以及难民安置。

Base on “Humanitarianism”, increase Canadian citizen and immigrations’ relative reunite, plus arrangement of refugee.

（二）根据本国的实际国情划分不同的移民类别：

Base on the condition of the country, it divides immigration into different categories

1、出于引进优秀或专业人才，弥补国内劳动力市场不足，发展经济的目的，移民国家设立了技术移民；

Base on the purpose of introduce outstanding and professional talents, cover the shortage of internal labor market, and develop the economy, immigration country set up Skilled immigration

2、出于引进商业优秀人才，吸收外来资金、创办企业、解决失业率，从而刺激经济发展的目的，移民国家设立了商业移民；

Base on the purpose of introduce outstanding and commercial talents, absorb external funding, reduce the unemployment rate and help launch new enterprise, as well as to promotes economic development. That’s the reason immigration country set up Business immigration.

3、出于满足国内以及国际人道主义要求的目的，移民国家设立了家庭团聚以及难民。

Base on the purpose of Humanitarianism, immigration country set up family reunite and refugee.

（三）每年的移民额度的制定：

Rules for immigration limitation in every year

1、移民国家每年都将制定总的移民配额数字，这个数字是较为稳定的。如：加拿大每年的移民配额大约在24－26.5万之间。

Every year, Immigration country will set up a total number for receiving new immigrations, this number relatively stable. For example, there are around two hundred forty thousand to two hundred sixty-five thousand immigration quotas in Canada.

2、在总的配额较为稳定的情况下，各国政府还会根据本国经济、累积的移民案件数量以及案件处理速度等的实际情况调整配额在不同移民项目中的分配。如：2008年澳大利亚技术移民的配额为13.5万，2009年就下调了15％，约为11.8万。

Among the stabilized quotas condition, each government will arrange their quotas in different immigration project base on the economy of the country, previous immigration cases and processing speed of the cases. For example, in 2008, the quotas in Australia Skilled immigration was thirteen point five thousands, but in 2009, the quotas decreased 15% , eleven point right thousands.

（四）根据本国经济与社会发展的实际需要，划分优先类别以及配置资源：

According to the actual needs of the country’s’ economic and social development, divided into priority categories and allocate the resources

1、通常，由于商业移民能带来商业人才以及大量的资金，而技术移民能引进各国专业技术上有独到之处的技术人员、弥补国家因人口老龄化所带来的劳动力不足；因而深受各国政府所重视，是各国移民的重要组成部分。

Usually, Business immigrants could bring business people as well as a large amount of money; Well, Skilled immigrants could introduce expertise on unique technical staff from different country, this recovers aging population and lack of labors. Therefore, it’s deeply valued by governments, and it is an important part of immigrants.

2、同时，各国也会根据自身的实际情况对移民类别进行划分优先处理类别。如：2009年，澳大利亚雇主担保类技术移民就是各种类别移民中的第一优先类别。

Meanwhile, each country will according to their own actual situation to divide the immigrant category. For example, in 2009, RSMS in Austria is one of priority categories among all categories.

3、在划分优先处理类别的同时，移民国家还会根据本国移民发展与经济发展的需要调配各类资源。如： 2008年11月28日，加拿大政府就颁布了关于联邦技术移民的调整政策，增加紧缺职业列表，改变审理程序以求尽快解决本国劳动力不足的局面。2010年4月19日，澳大利亚政府裁减将近1000名移民官员，以减轻 本国冗员的情况，降低财政压力。

Meanwhile in dividing priority categories, Immigration countries will also base on the needs and 

economic development of the country to allocate the resources. For example, in November 28, 2008, government of Canada enacted an adjustment policy of federal skilled worker, increased the shortage occupation list, changed trial procedures to resolve the shortage of domestic labor situation. In April 19, 2010, Australian Government cut nearly 1000 immigration official in order to reduce its surplus situation, reduce financial pressures.

 

二、移民国家对移民的基本要求

Basic requirement for Immigrations in Immigration country

（一）有足够资金或资产维持在本国的日常生活，不会给政府以及所在地区带来过重的负担。

Have sufficient funds or assets to maintain in their daily lives, will not put heavy burden on governments and regions

（二）移民前没有过犯罪行为，不会对社会安全造成威胁；

Before immigrating, no crime record, no threat to social security

（三）不属于任何对移民国社会和人民构成威胁的国际恐怖组织以及黑社会组织，与它们没有任何联系；

Do not belongs to any international terrorist organizations that could threat to immigration country’s social security, no contact with them

（四）在规定的期限内向移民官提交所要求的所有文件数据，以便政府审核申请人的移民资格并向移民官员证明达到所申请的移民类别的资格条件；

Within the specified assigned date, submit all the required documents to the immigration officer, let the government examine and verify that application could reach the eligibility conditions

（五）符合移民国政府对于新移民身体检验的要求；

Meet the requirements of Government medical examination for new immigrations

（六）缴付相应的费用，包括：官方费用以及投资费用；履行对申请国的移民申请承诺；

Pay the corresponding fee, Includes: official fees and investment fees. Fulfil commitments to applicant countries of immigration applications

（七）持有有效的出境文件以及能够回原居住的有效护照。

Hold valid outbound files and valid passport to return the original country

三、公民和移民的权利与义务

Rights and obligations of Citizen and Immigration

（一）公民的权利

Rights of Citizen

1、拥有该国的护照，并享受该国护照所有的免签或落地签效力；

Has country's passport, and enjoy all the country visa-free or visa validity

2、拥有政治上的选举权和符合选举规定资格时的被选举权；

Have the political right to vote and in accordance with the electoral provisions eligibility to stand for election

3、拥有作为该国公民的一切权利以及公平的法律审理权；

Have all the rights as citizens of the country and the right to fair legal proceedings

4、作为学生、企业主、艺术家或其他特殊人才，有资格得到政府拨款或资助；

As students, business owners, artists, or other special talents, are eligible to receive Government grants or subsidies

5、自由的在该国选择工作生活的地区，拥有自由购买物业、财产以及择业的权利。

Have freedom of choice in the country working and living areas, enjoy the right of buy property ownership, property and employment

（二）公民的义务

Obligations of Citizen

1、必须遵守该国的各项法律，自觉维护国家的安全与尊严；

Must comply with the laws of the country, and consciously safeguard the nation's security and dignity

2、承担纳税人的义务，依法纳税；

Assume the obligations of taxpayers, pay the tax

3、尊重他人的权利；

Respect for the rights of others

4、获得邀请成为法庭陪审员时，应该出庭履行职责；

When you get invited to become Court jurors should appear in court to perform your duties

5、应该爱护环境，不乱扔垃圾或者污染环境；

Protect the environment, do not litter or pollute the environment

6、以负责任的态度，使用该国的社会福利，包括就业保险金和福利金。

In a responsible manner, using the country's social welfare, including employment insurance and benefits

（三）居民（持永久居留签证的移民）的权利

The right of Residents (immigrants with permanent residence card)

1、居民享有与公民完全相同的社会福利，包括：医疗、失业保险、社会救济、儿童福利、教育等；

Immigrations could enjoy the exactly same social welfare as Citizens, Includes: medical insurance, unemployment insurance, social assistance, child welfare, education and so on;

2、居民享有与公民基本相同的权利，如：言论自由、结社自由、迁移自由、择业自由、旅行自由、入脱籍自由等；

Immigrations could enjoy basically same rights as Citizens, includes: Freedom of expression, freedom of Association, freedom of movement, freedom of choice, freedom of travel, freedom of join the citizenship or not

3、居民不享有选举权和被选举权，在实际上许多政府机构的职位也不向本国居民开放，而要求必须有公民身份；

Residents do not have the right to vote and to stand for election, in fact many government jobs are not open to residents/immigrations, must be Citizen

4、如果是通过经济担保的居民或者入籍的公民，按照担保书的规定在一定年限内不能享受该国的有关社会福利，尤其是救济。

If the residents/immigrations or citizens through economic security, in a certain number of years in accordance with guaranty cannot enjoy the country's social welfare, especially for whom take relief fund.

（四）居民（持永久居留签证的移民）的义务

Obligations of residence/immigration

1、承担与公民基本相同的义务；

Commitment and obligations are basically the same as Citizen

2、在一般情况下，居民为满足绿卡续期的规定，必须按照规定在该国注满一定的时间或者通过豁免条例予以豁免，否则居民身份就可能会被取消。

In general case, the resident/immigration need to meet the green card renewal requirements which must be in accordance with the provisions in the country filled with a certain amount of time or by the regulations exempt, otherwise, resident/immigration status might be cancelled

（五）通常情况下，无论是公民还是永久居民，其在该国境内出生的小孩自动成为该国公民，享有公民一切的权利。

Typically, both citizens and permanent residents, their children born in the country automatically become citizens of that country, enjoys all rights of citizens

备注：移民是非常复杂的法律体系，各移民国家的条例亦在不断变化，，详情还请咨询前景国际移民顾问。。

Note: Immigration is a very complex system of law, the Immigration Ordinance in each country always change. For details, please contact our Immigration consultants in Promising International Education Group.